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Zelaya becomes president. Honduras and neighbouring El Salvador inaugurate their newly-defined border. The countries fought over the disputed frontier in President Manuel Zelaya visits Cuba, the first official trip by a Honduran president to the island in 46 years. The two countries recently agreed their maritime boundaries after a long-running dispute. President Manuel Zelaya says a lack of international support to tackle chronic poverty forced him to seek aid from Venezuela.
Zelaya deposed. Coup is widely condemned. Supreme Court dismisses charges against six military commanders who expelled Mr Zelaya from the country in June Back to the fold. US Peace Corps says it is withdrawing its volunteers due to rising insecurity. Now there were four competing Spanish forces in Honduras, fighting each other between conquering the locals.
After many skirmishes that bordered upon outright civil war amongst the Spanish, Olid was eventually executed. Intermediaries sent in from Santo Domingo helped to solidify the Spanish presence under the leadership of Cortes in With Cortes controlling the Spanish in Honduras, things moved fast.
The city of Trujillo was founded in and Cortes arrived in the country from Mexico soon after. His arrival was a boost to the Spanish soldiers and settlers in Honduras. From then on to the conquest went ahead more smoothly for the Spanish. As part of the Captaincy-General, Honduras was important. Unlike most of the other parts of Central America, where the Spanish found no treasure, Honduras had silver. Indigenous people from all over Central America came in not of their own volition to work in the mines, as well as, later on, slaves from Africa.
Honduras became quite wealthy in comparison to the rest of Central America, and the city of Tegucigalpa was founded in , in the mining area.
Spanish rule was always centered around the silver mining areas, in the center of Honduras, away from the Caribbean coast. As the silver mines became more important, the Spanish moved inland and left the coast unguarded. In truth, despite the fact that the Spanish arrived on the Caribbean coast from the get-go, once the conquest got underway, this was an area that they never quite completely managed to subdue.
This part of Honduras, including the Bay Islands, became less influenced by the Spanish. As the Spanish moved out, others moved in, in the form of pirates, who had more or less taken over control in the Bay Islands, which the used as a base.
The British also stepped in, backing the Miskito tribe against the Spanish. The Spanish had never conquered the Miskitos. Once they had allied with the British, that opened the door for the British to take over the entire Caribbean Coast of Central America. This was the area called the Mosquito Coast.
In , Mexico gained independence from Spain, and with it, the Captaincy-General of Guatemala, of which Honduras was a part. Two years after that, the Captaincy-General broke free from Mexico, and Central America went at it alone. After a few years of turmoil, it dissolved in , with each of its provinces becoming independent.
Honduras was now a sovereign nation. An irony of Honduras becoming independent was the fact that out of all the countries in Central America, it was Honduras that most pushed for Central America staying together. Even after independence, Honduras tried many times to get the other countries to unite, but to no avail. The five stars on the Honduran flag, one for each country, are a testament to the fact that Honduras saw itself as part of a larger Central America rather than as a country on its own.
It is unique in the region for that.
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