Clementines are a smaller, seedless variety cultivated by a French missionary in Algeria named Marie-Clement Rodier , who was able to slap his name on the cultivar.
Seedless also implies that they must be reproduced with grafting rather than from seed. Around the world, clementines are enjoyed in different aspects of culture. Here in America, clementines can be found on the soccer field at half time as a healthy hydrating snack.
Easy to peel and seedless, they have a great appeal for health-minded parents as a do-it-yourself snack for kids.
In Italy, it is not uncommon to pass a bowl of clementines around the dinner table after dessert for some social digestif lingering. Check out our video about chestnuts here. The thought process being that the Chinese word for mandarin sounds like wealth and good fortune. And what about all this? These names are trademark brand names, not varieties, from California growers Sun Pacific and Paramount, respectively.
More important than the varietal distinction of these, is their phenomenal marketing and branding efforts which has put this healthy and natural snack in plain view of shoppers with an eye towards making better choices at the grocery store, causing great category growth.
The cultivation of seedless oranges greatly increased the overall popularity of the orange market more than years ago, leading to the transformation of thousands of acres of cattle grazing land into orange groves in California and Florida.
In three decades leading up to , Los Angeles boomed from a town of 6, residents to a city of , Los Angeles resident Luther Tibbets is credited with cultivating the seedless navel orange, which greatly increased the profit of the orange industry.
Large, sweet navel oranges come in both seeded and seedless varieties. The oranges were named such by California growers who thought the orange blossoms resembled human navels. Luther Tibbets created the first seedless navel in the late s in California and it has been a staple of the orange market ever since.
These plants have a high frequency of parthenocarpy, however, so they still produce fruit. Such trees do not require seed for propagation. In fact, propagation by seed would be disadvantageous because the progeny would differ from the parent. Instead nurserymen frequently propagate fruit trees asexually, usually by grafting. Another frequent reason for lack of successful fertilization is chromosomal imbalance. For example, the common banana is triploid.
In other words, it has three sets of chromosomes. Instead of having one set of chromosomes from each parent, it has two sets from one parent and one set from the other parent. Triploids seldom produce eggs or sperm that have a balanced set of chromosomes and so successful seed set is very rare.
Bananas, too, are parthenocarpic and produce fruit in the absence of successful fertilization. These bananas are asexually propagated. Or a seedless Navel tree? Or a tree of any other seedless fruit?
You make a new tree of any seedless fruit the same way that you make a new tree of any other fruit, by cloning. If cloning sounds too eerie, then say "by grafting" or "by cuttings," friendlier terms for the particular methods of cloning used for most fruit trees. Cloning is the way to create a new, genetically identical plant -- another McIntosh apple tree, another Concord grape vine, or another Clementine tangerine tree -- from existing plants.
Just take a piece of stem from any of these varieties and either graft it onto an existing plant or get the stem to form its own roots. The resulting plant -- or the part of it above the graft in the case of the grafted plant -- is then genetically identical to the original.
If, on the other hand, you were to plant a seed from any of the above fruits, the resulting plant would yield fruits unlike the fruit from which the seed was taken.
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