As capital of the Empire, Berlin grew exponentially, and its population grew from , in to nearly 2,, in and to 4,, in The city became a worldwide cultural, architectonic and financial reference point and turned into the leading nation in continental Europe. Meanwhile France began to rise as a powerful nation due to its empire in Africa and Asia.
Both countries were worried about the prospect of another Franco-Prussian War and tried to get as many allies as possible on their sides.
The animosity between both alliances was the greatest factor in the uprising of World War I. Consequently, Austria-Hungary gave the Kingdom of Serbia an ultimatum.
This set-in motion one of the most devastating global wars between the Allies and the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. The allies defeated Germany and Austria-Hungary in , and the peace was signed on 11 November Between and , the German state was designated Weimar Republic. In , Chancellor Adolf Hitler was given the power to execute laws without the approval of the Reichstag with the Enabling Act , which ended the Weimar Republic.
Several years later, World War II broke out. Berlin was demolished at the end of the conflict by the British and American aerial bombings, as well as by the progress of the Russian army.
The Germans surrendered on 8 May The two countries and capitals were divided into four zones. The city was in the administrative area of Berlin. The Berlin Blockade was one of the first crisis of the Cold War and lasted a little less than a year, forcing the Allies to supply the city by airlift from Tempelhof. Finally, defeated, the Soviet Union lifted the blockade on 12 May The Cold War arose in until because of the geopolitical tension between the U.
Both countries initiated an arms race. Science plays a big part in this fast changing city — helping to heal some of the wounds of the twentieth century.
Global companies such as Siemens were founded in Berlin; one hundred years ago, the city was a hotbed of industrialization. The Second World War and the long division of the city by the infamous Berlin wall helped to end all that. But since the wall came down in the early s, the reunified city has been gradually rebuilding and is expected to continue to develop fast. Start-ups are a big part of that development.
In the southeast of Berlin, the Adlershof technology park is the biggest of its kind in Germany. Many of the local start-ups have already grown into small- or mid-size companies. City officials are very supportive because startup companies both create jobs and attract new talent. Berlin is keen to keep attracting good researchers. Ziegler himself is an incomer to Berlin. Originally from Munich, he spent many years abroad before settling into his new home.
Mastery of the German language is not a prerequisite for someone wanting a scientific career in Berlin. Marred by war, the city has aimed to rebuild itself with the self-awareness needed to heal.
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